1、锈斑：制作前或制作过程中有时会看到变形金刚模型产品或设备上生锈，这说明表面受到严重污染。设备投入使用前把锈掉，清理过的表面应通过铁试验和/或水试验进行检验。

1. Rust spots: before or during production, sometimes rust on the transformers model products or equipment can be seen, which indicates that the surface is seriously polluted. Rust shall be removed before the equipment is put into use, and the cleaned surface shall be inspected by iron test and / or water test.

2、焊接引弧斑痕：焊工在金属表面引弧时，会造成表面粗糙缺陷。保护膜受损，留下潜在的腐蚀源。焊工应在已经焊好的焊道上或在焊缝接头的侧边引弧。然后将引弧痕迹熔入焊缝中。

2. Welding arc strike marks: when the welder strikes the arc on the metal surface, it will cause surface roughness defects. The protective film is damaged, leaving a potential source of corrosion. The welder shall strike the arc on the weld bead that has been welded or on the side of the weld joint. The arc striking trace is then melted into the weld.

3、划痕：为了防止工艺润滑剂或生成物和/或污物积留，对划痕和其它粗糙表面进行机械清理。

3. Scratches: mechanical cleaning of scratches and other rough surfaces to prevent accumulation of process lubricants or products and / or dirt.

4、焊接缺陷：焊接缺陷如：咬边、未焊透、密集气孔和裂纹不仅降低接头的牢固性，而且还会成为缝隙腐蚀的腐蚀源。改善这种结果进行清理操作时，它们还会夹带固体颗粒。这些缺陷可通过重新焊接或修磨后重焊进行修补。

4. Welding defects: welding defects such as undercut, incomplete penetration, dense pores and cracks not only reduce the firmness of the joint, but also become the corrosion source of crevice corrosion. To improve this result, they also entrain solid particles during cleaning operations. These defects can be repaired by re welding or rewelding after grinding.

5、油和油脂：有机物质如：油，油脂甚至指印都会成为局部腐蚀的腐蚀源。由于这些物质能起屏障作用，它们会影响化学和电化学清理效果。

5. Oil and grease: organic substances such as oil, grease and even fingerprints can be the source of local corrosion. Because these substances act as barriers, they can affect the effectiveness of chemical and electrochemical cleaning.

6、油漆、粉笔和标记笔印：这些污染物的影响与油和油脂的影响相似。建议用干净的刷子和干净的水或碱性清洗剂进行洗涤，也可以使用高压水或蒸汽冲洗。

6. Paint, chalk and marker marks: the effects of these contaminants are similar to those of oil and grease. It is recommended to wash with clean brush and clean water or alkaline detergent, or high pressure water or steam.

7、热回火色和其它氧化层：热回火色是由于在高温或长时间在较高度下停留所致。当出现任何一种这类氧化层时，金属表面的铬含量都会降低，造成这些区域的耐腐蚀性降低。在这种情况下，不仅要消除热回火色和其它氧化层，还应对它们下面的贫铬金属层进行清理。

7. Thermal reactivation color and other oxide layer: the heat recovery color is caused by staying at high temperature or high altitude for a long time. When any of these oxide layers appear, the chromium content on the metal surface will be reduced, resulting in a reduction in the corrosion resistance of these areas. In this case, it is necessary not only to eliminate the heat cured color and other oxide layers, but also to clean the chromium poor metal layer under them.

8、焊剂：利用焊剂进行焊接的工艺有手工焊，带焊剂芯电弧焊和埋弧焊，这些焊接工艺都会在表面留下细小的焊剂颗粒，普通的清理方法无法将它们掉。这此颗粒将是缝隙腐蚀的腐蚀源，采用机械清理方法去除这些残留焊剂。

8. Flux: the welding processes using flux include manual welding, flux cored arc welding and submerged arc welding. These welding processes will leave fine flux particles on the surface, which cannot be removed by ordinary cleaning methods. This particle will be the corrosion source of crevice corrosion, and the residual flux will be removed by mechanical cleaning method.

9、残余粘合剂：撕掉胶带和保护纸时，粘合剂总有一部分残留在不锈钢表面。如果粘全剂还没硬，可以用有机熔剂去除。但是，当曝露在光或空气中时，粘全剂变硬，形成缝隙腐蚀的腐蚀源。然后需要用细磨料进行机械清理。

9. Residual adhesive: when the adhesive tape and protective paper are removed, a part of the adhesive will always remain on the stainless steel surface. If the adhesive is not hard, it can be removed with organic flux. However, when exposed to light or air, the adhesive hardens and forms the corrosion source of crevice corrosion. Mechanical cleaning with a fine abrasive is then required.

10、粉尘：制作经常是在有粉尘的场地进行，空气中常带有许多粉尘，它们不断地落在设备表面。它们可以用水或碱性溶液去除掉。不过，有附着力的尘垢需要高压水或蒸气进行清理。

10. Dust: the production is often carried out in the site with dust, and there is often a lot of dust in the air, which constantly falls on the surface of the equipment. They can be removed with water or an alkaline solution. However, the adhesion of dust and dirt need to be cleaned by high pressure water or steam.